List of Rare Natural Crystals, Gemstones & Minerals in Pakistan

Pakistan is a hidden gemstone paradise, home to some of the world’s rarest natural gemstones and mineral resources. Astonishingly, 90% of Pakistan’s gem-rich regions—including Gilgit-Baltistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), and Balochistan—remain unexplored. With a long list of gemstones in Pakistan gaining global attention, the country is emerging as a hotspot for buyers of precious stones, collectors, and geologists.

Pakistan is a gemstone powerhouse, home to over 100+ natural gemstones—from rare Paraíba-like Tourmaline to world-class Swat Emeralds. Despite 90% of Pakistan’s gemstone mines remaining unexplored, the country is gaining fame for its untapped mineral wealth.

Though Pakistan’s gemstone industry is still in its infancy, it contributes 1% to the national GDP. Recent advancements in gemstone technology and IT-driven gemstone marketing have revolutionized the sector. A new generation of entrepreneurs now connects with international gemstone buyers through e-commerce platforms and social media, leveraging the best Pakistani gemstones like Kashmir Sapphire, Swat Emerald, and Hunza Peridot.

Before 1948, only 5 minerals were documented in Pakistan. Today, the country boasts a comprehensive list of gemstones, with discoveries like Paraíba-like Tourmaline and rare Vayrynenite putting it on the global map. Below is an updated 2025 list of Pakistani gemstones, optimized for gem enthusiasts and traders.

High-Value Gemstones in Pakistan: A-Z List

A

  • Aquamarine (Skardu, Gilgit) – A top blue gemstone in Pakistan.
  • Agate (Balochistan) – Popular banded agate stone for jewelry.
  • Apatite – Rare teal apatite crystals.
  • Amethyst (KPK) – Purple quartz gemstone for collectors.
  • Almandine Garnets – Deep red garnets from northern Pakistan.
  • Amazonite (Gilgit) – Green-blue feldspar gemstone.
  • Anatase – Rare titanium dioxide mineral.
  • Alluvial Diopside – Found in riverbeds.
  • Aventurine – Green aventurine quartz for carvings.
  • Albite – White feldspar mineral.
  • Adularia – A variety of moonstone.
  • Alkali Beryl – Rare beryl variant.
  • Actinolite – Green fibrous mineral.
  • Andradite – A type of garnet.
  • Aegirine – Black pyroxene mineral.
  • Augite – Dark green mineral.
  • Aragonite – Calcium carbonate crystals.
  • Apophyllite – Translucent mineral for collectors.
  • Andradite Garnet – Includes demantoid garnet.
  • Axinite – Brownish-purple crystal.

B

  • Beryl (Swat Valley) – Includes emerald, aquamarine, and heliodor.
  • Bi-Color Sapphire (Kashmir) – Two-tone sapphire in blue-pink hues.
  • Black Onyx – Polished for men’s jewelry.
  • Bastnasite (Rare Stone) – Source of rare earth elements.
  • Brucite – White magnesium mineral.
  • Brookite – Rare titanium oxide crystal.
  • Black Tourmaline (Hunza) – Used in protection jewelry.
  • Beryllonite – Transparent phosphate mineral.
  • Blue Sapphire (Neelum Valley) – Kashmir Sapphire rival.
  • Byssolite – Asbestos-like mineral in quartz.
  • Brown Topaz – Warm-toned semi-precious gem.
  • Biotite Mica – Shiny black mica sheets.

C

  • Chalcedony – Microcrystalline quartz in multiple hues.
  • Corundum – Includes ruby and sapphire.
  • Citrine (Karakoram) – Yellow quartz gemstone.
  • Chrome Diopside – Vivid green gemstone.
  • Clinothulite – Pink manganese mineral.
  • Carbon-Included Diamond Quartz – Quartz with black carbon streaks.
  • Chlorite – Green secondary mineral.
  • Chrysoberyl (Chitral) – Includes cat’s eye chrysoberyl.
  • Clinozoisite – Greenish epidote-group mineral.

D

  • Diopside – Chrome diopside from northern areas.
  • Diamond Quartz – Quartz with diamond-like luster.
  • Demantoid Garnet – Rare green garnet.
  • Double-Terminated Quartz Points – Himalayan quartz crystals.
  • Dogtooth Calcite – Spike-shaped calcite crystals.

E

  • Emeralds (Swat Valley) – Swat Emerald – world-class quality.
  • Epidote – Pistachio-green crystal clusters.
  • Elestial Quartz – Etched quartz with natural facets.
  • Etched Quartz – Surface-patterned quartz.

F

  • Faden Quartz – White quartz with “faden” lines.
  • Feldspar – Includes moonstone and labradorite.
  • Fluorite (Northern Areas) – Rainbow fluorite cubes.
  • Fassaite – Dark green pyroxene.

G

  • Garnets – Includes almandine, spessartite, and hessonite.
  • Goyungo – Local name for green diopside.
  • Golden Rutile Quartz – Quartz with golden needle inclusions.
  • Golden Topaz (Katlang) – Imperial Topaz variety.
  • Golden Beryl – Yellow beryl gemstone.
  • Grossular Garnet – Green to orange garnet.
  • Green Fluorite – Vivid green fluorite cubes.
  • Goshenite – Colorless beryl.
  • Green Titanite – Titanium silicate mineral.
  • Green Tourmaline – Verdelite from northern mines.
  • Granite – Decorative gemstone-bearing rock.

H

  • Hessonite Garnet – Cinnamon-colored garnet.
  • Herkimer Diamond Quartz – Double-terminated quartz crystals.
  • Hydrogrossular – Green garnet variety.
  • Hackmanite – Tenebrescent sodalite.
  • Hematite (Kalat) – Metallic iron oxide mineral.
  • Himalayan Salt – Pink salt for decorative items.

I

  • Imperial Topaz (Katlang) – Rare pink topaz variant.
  • Idocrase – Also called vesuvianite.
  • Ilmenite – Black titanium-iron oxide.
  • Iron Oxide-Containing Quartz – Rust-colored inclusions.
  • Imperial Topaz (Pink Katlang Topaz) – High-value pink gem.

J

  • Jasper – Includes K2 Jasper (blue with azurite).
  • Jade – Nephrite jade from northern regions.

K

  • Kashmir Sapphire – Cornflower blue sapphire.
  • Kashmir Rubies – Rare pigeon’s blood rubies.
  • K2 Jasper – Unique azurite-included jasper.
  • Kunzite (Gilgit) – Pink spodumene gemstone.

L

  • Lazurite – Blue mineral in lapis lazuli.

M

  • Morganite – Pink beryl gemstone.
  • Malachite – Banded green copper mineral.
  • Milky Quartz – Opaque white quartz.
  • Moonstone (KPK) – Adularia moonstone sheen.
  • Mica – Sheet silicate mineral.
  • Meteorite – Rare meteorite fragments.
  • Marble – Gemstone-quality marble for carvings.
  • Maw Sit Sit – Jade-like green rock.
  • Magnetite – Magnetic iron oxide.

N

  • Nephrite Jade – Green nephrite for carvings.

O

  • Obsidian – Volcanic glass.
  • Onyx – Polished black onyx for cameos.

P

  • Pink Beryl – Rare morganite variety.
  • Pollucite – Cesium-rich mineral.
  • Pargasite – Dark green amphibole.
  • Prehnite – Apple-green prehnite clusters.
  • Peridots (Kohistan) – Olive-green gemstones.
  • Precious Topaz – Golden to pink topaz.
  • Petroleum Quartz – Quartz with hydrocarbon inclusions.
  • Phantom Quartz – Ghostly crystal layers.
  • Pink Fluorite – Pastel pink fluorite.
  • Pyrite – Fool’s gold cubic crystals.
  • Purple Fluorite – Violet fluorite specimens.
  • Pink Topaz – Rare Katlang pink topaz.
  • Pink Apatite – Neon pink apatite.
  • Pink Sapphire (Kashmir) – Bubblegum pink sapphire.
  • Purple Sapphire – Lavender-colored corundum.
  • Purple Apatite – Violet apatite crystals.
  • Parisite – Rare fluorocarbonate mineral.

Q

  • Quartz – Includes smoky quartz, milky quartz, and clear quartz.
  • Quartz with Astrophyllite/Riebeckite Inclusions – Golden needle quartz.
  • Quartz Points – Terminated crystal clusters.

R

  • Ruby (Hunza) – Pigeon’s blood red ruby.
  • Ruby Zoisite – Green zoisite with ruby spots.
  • Rutile Quartz – Golden rutile needles in quartz.
  • Rare Earth Gems – Includes bastnasite and xenotime.
  • Red Rutile (TiO₂) – Hematite-included rutile.

S

  • Sapphires – Blue, pink, and yellow sapphires.
  • Serpentine – Green ornamental stone.
  • Sphene – Titanite with high dispersion.
  • Smoky Quartz – Brown quartz for jewelry.
  • Spinel (Baltistan) – Red spinel rivaling rubies.
  • Sodalite – Blue lapis-like mineral.
  • Scapolite – Yellow to purple gemstone.
  • Scheelite – Fluorescent tungsten mineral.
  • Star Sapphire – Asterism-effect sapphire.
  • Sataknala Tourmaline – Bi-color tourmaline.
  • Spessartite Garnet – Orange-red garnet.
  • Spodumene – Includes kunzite and hiddenite.
  • Sagenite – Rutile-included quartz.
  • Stilbite – White zeolite mineral.
  • Stalactite – Cave-formed calcite.
  • Strawberry Jasper – Red-spotted jasper.

T

  • Topaz – Imperial, white, and blue topaz.
  • Titanite – Sphene gemstone.
  • Tourmaline – Watermelon, Paraíba-like, and black tourmaline.
  • Turquoise (South Waziristan) – Sky-blue turquoise beads.
  • Tiger Eye – Chatoyant quartz for cabochons.
  • Tiger Iron – Banded hematite-jasper.
  • Tripeche Sapphire – Local sapphire variety.
  • Tripeche Emerald – Regional emerald type.
  • Triplite – Rare manganese phosphate.
  • Talc – Soft magnesium silicate mineral.
  • Tremolite (Mohmand Agency) – Asbestos-family mineral.

V

  • Vesuvianite – Idocrase green crystals.
  • Vayrynenite (Gilgit-Baltistan) – Rare pink phosphate mineral.

W

  • Window Quartz – Quartz with flat “windows”.
  • White Topaz – Colorless topaz for jewelry.

X

  • Xenotime (Zagi Mountain) – Rare yttrium phosphate mineral.

Y

  • Yellow Apatite – Golden apatite crystals.

Z

  • Zoisite – Includes ruby zoisite.
  • Zircon – Blue zircon for jewelry.
  • Zebra Stone – Banded black-and-white chalcedony.

Why This List Matters for Buyers & Collectors

Pakistan’s gemstone list includes high-value stones like emeralds, rubies, and sapphires, as well as rare collector minerals like bastnasite and vayrynenite. Use keywords like “buy Pakistani gemstones online”, “Swat Emerald price”, and “K2 Jasper for sale” to find authentic dealers.

Why Invest in Pakistani Gemstones?

  1. Untapped Mineral Resources: Over 56+ gemstone types remain underutilized.
  2. Affordable Prices: Competitive rates for natural gemstones in Pakistan.
  3. Global Demand: Emeralds, Sapphires, and Tourmalines are exported to the UAE, China, and the USA.

How to Buy Gemstones from Pakistan

  • Trusted Gemstone Dealers: Look for certified Pakistan gemstone exporters.
  • Online Marketplaces: Search for buy gemstones in Pakistan online on platforms like eBay or Etsy.
  • Gemstone Shows: Attend events like the Pakistan Gems & Mineral Fair.

Future of Pakistan’s Gemstone Industry

With gemstone mining in Pakistan expanding and government initiatives boosting exports, the sector is poised to become a $1 billion industry by 2030. Keywords like “rare gemstones in Pakistan”, “gemstone mining in Balochistan”, and “buy Swat Emerald online” reflect growing global interest.

Stay updated—bookmark this complete list of Pakistan gemstones for 2025!